What is textile? The Classification of Textiles, which textile test equipment?

What is textile? The Classification of Textiles,  which textile test equipment?

Section 1: What is textile? The Classification of Textiles

To start to get the answer of what is textile? First, let’s understand textiles, and the classification of textiles, this section will cover the most comprehensive aspects of how to classify textiles.

In lay man’s terms, textiles can be referred to as the three main series of woven, knitted fabrics, and non-woven.

But extensively, textiles involve, spinning weaving, and finished products, such as:

• Yarn, natural silk, elastic silk, metallic silk, synthetic long and synthetic short silk, rayon, and other textile raw materials.

• Woven and non-woven fabrics, plastic fabrics, knitted fabrics, natural fur fabrics, and industrial fabrics. Industrial fabrics are the textiles used in the industrial field like canopy cloth, sieve, filter cloth, and the like.

• Bags, blankets, household textiles, gloves, socks, decorative clothing products, and other fabricated products.

• Other types of textiles include; clothes for toys, belts, rope, sable, sewing, and embroidery thread.

a.) Methods in which textiles are processed

• Knitted fabric textile: the surface of a knitted fabric feels soft, comfortable on the body, and rich in elasticity.

• Woven fabric textile: this fabric has no elasticity except for the type of fabric that has an elastic fiber. It has a stable structure with a flat surface. Very solid, easy to wear, and has a stiff and loose appearance.

• Non-woven fabric textile: this involves using polymer slices, filaments, or short fibers through different kinds of the fiber network. This further creates a fusion of methods and technology and the end products are soft flat and breathable new fiber products.

Let’s have an extensive look at the three methods of processing textiles, this is for those who want to dive deeper into the topic of what is textile.

I.) Knitted Fabrics: the yarn is woven into a circle and the fabric is formed and divided into two, weft knit and warp knit.

• Weft Knit: In a weft knitted fabric, the weft is put into the working needle of the knitting machine. This is to enable the yarn to bend into a circle and each other through the sleeve. The yarn moves horizontally from one side of the machine to another in a circular motion, and a new knitting loop can be formed with the needle’s movement.

As the yarns go horizontally, the fabric is formed by knitting a horizontal row of loops in the same pattern and direction with the bottom and top rows connected to each other. All of the loops are knitted from a single yarn. Weft knitting can either be done on a circular knitting machine or a flat one. Weft knitted fabrics are used in making sweaters, socks, etc.

Fabrics that have been weft knitted hold the largest proportion when it comes to knitted products.

• Warp Knit: in a warp knitted fabric, a group of yarns is arranged in parallel and put into the working needles of the knitting machine all at the same time loop. Warp knitting entails a longitudinal movement of a set of warp yarns up the warp and needle movement as well to produce knitted warps. Warp knitted fabrics, and the warp knitting machines used in producing them have a significant difference from weft knitted fabrics and the weft knitting machines that make them. Just like the warp in woven fabrics, the yarns are warp knitted in warp knitted fabrics. These are supplied by a warp beam that is covered with an enormous amount of parallel yarns in rows. Just like what you will see in the warp beam in woven fabrics. In a warp woven fabric, all the yarns are warp directed. In a single horizontal row, a vertical coil is made. This now moves in a diagonal pattern to a different vertical row, thus creating another coil in the next horizontal row. As the yarn moves in a zigzag manner from side to side covering the length of the fabric, each loop is in a horizontal row and is knitted with a different yarn.

which textile test equipment?

1. Printing and dyeing fastness textile equipment

It is suitable for the color fastness test of printed and dyed textiles against dry and wet rubbing and scrubbing rubbing. Twisting the large disc on the back and upper part of the rubbing head can change the left and right positions of the rubbing head on the sample and increase the utilization rate of the sample.

2. General Textile Testing Instruments

It is mainly used for the determination of fiber fineness, uneven yarn dryness, hairiness, defects, cloth inspection, etc.

3. Textile simulation environment test equipment

The test is carried out by exposing the material to be tested to a controlled alternating cycle of sunlight and humidity while increasing the temperature. It is a necessary test equipment for aviation, automobile, home appliances, scientific research and other fields.

4. Textile testing consumables

Used for testing commonly used consumables, clothing and household colors, textile cotton color cards, and standard detergents. Also used to detect material consumption of textile testing instruments.

5. Flame retardant protection test

It is mainly manifested in the fabric's protective performance, combustion performance, flame retardancy and protection, and is widely used in lifesaving and fire protection industries.

6. Functional testing equipment

It mainly includes various functional tests of textiles, such as thermal insulation, moisture permeability, sweating, protective performance and other tests, reflecting the safety and comfort test types of textiles.

7. Physical performance testing equipment

It is mainly manifested in testing the physical properties of textiles, not involving chemistry and other test types that cannot be directly supervised to detect changes, such as tensile, strength, rupture, wear resistance and other factors;

8. Chemical performance testing equipment

It mainly detects the performance changes of textiles in chemical environment, such as: pH, dyeing status, corrosion resistance, aging, etc.

9. Fabric testing equipment

It is used to test the flame retardancy of hanging fabrics such as curtains and curtains. Applicable to single-ply or multi-ply fabrics, but not to fabrics with a grammage greater than 700 g/m2 (21 oz/yd2).